Two people have died after an outbreak of an “invasive” disease causing meningitis and septicaemia at a university.
Here the Press Association looks at what meningitis is and what the symptoms are, according to the NHS:
– What is meningitis?
Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.
It can affect anyone but is more common in babies, children, teenagers and young adults.
– What are the symptoms?
Symptoms include a high temperature, headache, vomiting and a stiff neck.
People may also become sensitive to bright lights, feel very sleepy or confused or have fits.
– What causes it?
It is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection.
Bacterial meningitis is rarer but more serious than viral meningitis.
– How does it spread?
Infections that cause meningitis can be spread through coughing, sneezing or kissing.
It is usually caught from those who carry the viruses or bacteria in their nose or throat, or from someone with meningitis, though this is less common.
– How serious is it?
If it is not treated quickly, it can lead to sepsis, brain or nerve damage, hearing loss or even death.
Some with bacterial meningitis can be left with hearing or vision loss, problems with memory, fits or loss of limbs, even after being treated.
– Can it be treated?
Those with viral meningitis will usually get better on their own.
Most people with bacterial meningitis who are treated quickly will also make a full recovery.
But it usually needs to be treated in hospital for at least a week.
Treatments include antibiotics and fluids given directly into a vein or oxygen through a face mask.
– What is the fatality rate?
The NHS estimates that up to one in every 10 cases of bacterial meningitis is fatal.
– Are there vaccines?
There are the MenB, 6-in-1, pneumococcal and MMRV vaccines for babies and children, while the MenACWY jabs are offered to teenagers, sixth-form students and new university students.
– What should you do if you think you have it?
The NHS recommends that people call 999 for an ambulance or go to their nearest A&E.
People are advised to trust their instincts, as someone with meningitis or sepsis can get a lot worse very quickly.
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